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为什么普利兹克奖提前公布？
因德国著名建筑师弗雷·奥托（Frei Otto）3月9日突然离世，享年89岁。普利兹克奖评审委员会提前两周对外正式发布弗雷·奥托荣获2015年普利兹克建筑奖的消息。
他以轻便帐篷状的结构获得了建筑界的最高荣誉。“弗雷奥托的职业生涯是一个模型建筑师，他的影响将继续显现，” 普利兹克基金会汤姆？普利兹克表示。他去世的消息让我们非常难过，这也是前所未有的奖。我们感谢陪审团授予他的奖项。
奥托设计了不同的帐篷屋顶，例如慕尼黑的奥林匹克体育场，举办了1972年夏季奥运会和1974年世界杯决赛，这成为以色列运动员被巴勒斯坦武装分子在奥运会期间谋杀的背景代名词。
“我的愿望是设计新类型的建筑，以帮助贫困的人，尤其是自然灾害和灾难，”他说，“那么，我会用一切时间继续做我一直在做的事情。“
奥托心中有一个乌托邦，从未停止相信建筑可以建筑一个更美好的世界。
普利兹克奖评委会主席彼得？帕伦博描述奥托为“现代建筑的泰坦”。
“他的损失将波及在世界各地的地方建筑艺术实践，即使他是一个普遍的公民，”帕隆博说。
关于弗雷·奥托（Frei Otto）
弗雷·奥托（Frei Otto）出生于1925年，奥托在柏林长大。他在第二次世界大战期间成为德国空军，他的飞机被击落并被扣留在法国战俘营。
在战争结束后，他恢复了他的研究，并花时间在美国进行研究，他参观了标志性的世纪中叶的设计师，如理查德努特拉，Charles和Ray Eames和弗兰克？劳埃德？赖特的工作室。
作品赏析
官方获奖评语
Frei Otto, born almost 90 years ago in Germany, has spent his long career researching, experimenting, and developing a most sensitive architecture that has influenced countless others throughout the world. The lessons of his pioneering work in the field of lightweight structures that are adaptable, changeable and carefully use limited resources are as relevant today as when they were first proposed over 60 years ago. He has embraced a definition of architect to include researcher, inventor, form-finder, engineer, builder, teacher, collaborator, environmentalist, humanist, and creator of memorable buildings and spaces.
He first became known for his tent structures used as temporary exhibition pavilions. The constructions at the German Federal Garden exhibitions and other festivals of the 1950s were functional, beautiful, “floating” roofs that seemed to effortlessly provide shelter, and then were easily dissembled after the events.
The cable net structure employed for the German Pavilion at Expo 67 in Montreal, prefabricated in Germany and assembled on site in a short period of time, was a highlight of the exhibition for its grace and originality. The impressive large-scale roofs designed for the Munich Olympics of 1972, combining lightness and strength, were a building challenge that many said could not be achieved. The architectural landscape for stadium, pool and public spaces, a result of the efforts of a large team, is still impressive today.
Taking inspiration from nature and the processes found there, he sought ways to use the least amount of materials and energy to enclose spaces. He practiced and advanced ideas of sustainability, even before the word was coined. He was inspired by natural phenomena – from birds’ skulls to soap bubbles and spiders’ webs. He spoke of the need to understand the “physical, biological and technical processes which give rise to objects.” Branching concepts from the 1960s optimized structures to support large flat roofs. A grid shell, such as seen in the Mannheim Multihalle of 1974, shows how a simple structural solution, easy to assemble, can create a most striking, flexible space. The Mechtenberg footbridges, with the use of humble slender rods and connecting nodes, but with advanced knowledge, produce an attractive filigree pattern and span distances up to 30 meters. Otto’s constructions are in harmony with nature and always seek to do more with less.
Virtually all the works that are associated with Frei Otto have been designed in collaboration with other professionals. He was often approached to form part of a team to tackle complex architectural and structural challenges. The inventive results attest to outstanding collective efforts of multidisciplinary teams.
Throughout his life, Frei Otto has produced imaginative, fresh, unprecedented spaces and constructions. He has also created knowledge. Herein resides his deep influence: not in forms to be copied, but through the paths that have been opened by his research and discoveries. His contributions to the field of architecture are not only skilled and talented, but also generous.
For his visionary ideas, inquiring mind, belief in freely sharing knowledge and inventions, his collaborative spirit and concern for the careful use of resources, the 2015 Pritzker Architecture Prize is awarded to Frei Otto.
